Miha Pipan, Niko Herakovič

Abstract:
The introduction of 5G technology has started a transformative leap in connectivity, enabling seamless integration between existing and new devices in industrial environments. This connectivity solves some technological challenges of linking IT systems with manufacturing processes and offers greater flexibility, agility and efficiency. In industrial applications, 5G facilitates the remote monitoring of equipment, the optimization of logistical processes and the implementation of predictive maintenance, making it a cor- nerstone of smart manufacturing. In our research work, conducted at the LASIM laboratory of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Ljubljana, we have developed a conceptual protocol for connecting industrial plants to 5G networks. The protocol is tailored to the needs of industry, but can also be used by individuals and small businesses with no prior experience of 5G or related LTE technologies. It outlines a step-by-step approach that enables efficient testing and partial implementation of 5G solutions in various industrial environments.
The protocol has been built and validated through testing with various industrial systems, including ro- botic arms, collaborative robots, smart warehouses and digital twins. These systems use a variety of com- munication protocols and require a flexible solution to ensure compatibility and reliability. The protocol developed comprises five key steps: Identification and analysis of devices, preparation of network infra- structure, establishment of physical connections, integration with information systems, and system testing and optimization. Results show that this protocol can effectively facilitate the integration of industrial devices into 5G networks and ensure stable and efficient operation under real-world conditions. However, the wider adoption and application of the protocol depends on continuous refinement and adaptation to new industrial requirements and feedback.
Future research will focus on improving the robustness and scalability of the protocol for different use cases, incorporating advanced digital technologies such as edge computing and AI-powered optimiza- tion, and adapting it to upcoming 5G and 6G standards. In this way, we aim to create a comprehensive and future-proof framework that supports the transition to smarter, more connected industrial ecosystems.

Keywords:
5G, industrial equipment, connectivity, communication protocols